Gene Mutation (Short Note)

A change in the genetic message of a cell is referred to as mutation. Mutational changes that affect the message itself, producing alternations in the sequence are called point mutations, since they usually involve only one or a few nucleotide. In both bacteria and eukaryote individual genes may move form one place on the chromosome to another by a process called transposition. When a particular gene moves to different location, there is often alternation in its expression or in that of the neighbouring genes. In eukaryote large segments of chromosomes may change their relative location or undergo duplication. Such chromosomal rearrangement often has drastic effects on the expression of the genetic message.